Endogenous residual claimancy by vertical hierarchies

In this note we study a model of vertical hierarchies where the allocation of residual claimancy is endogenous and is determined jointly with production and contractual decisions. We show that the (equilibrium) allocation of residual claimancy may be affected by production externalities across hierarchies in a non-trivial manner. Specifically, although revenue-sharing contracts foster agents’ (non-contractible) surplus enhancing effort, we show that principals dealing with exclusive and privately informed agents might still prefer to retain a share of the surplus from production when dealing with inefficient (high-cost) types. This is because reducing the surplus share of those types reduces the information rent given up to efficient (low-cost) types by means of a ‘generalized competing contracts’ effect.     

基于区位商法对内蒙古产业集群的识别

产业集群的发展对于提升经济整体竞争力至关重要。在阐述区位商法的基础上,运用该方法对内蒙古工业中的23个行业的相关数据进行了具体的整理分析。结果表明,内蒙古现有的产业集群主要为传统型产业集群和资源依托型产业集群,这不利于内蒙古经济的可持续发展,为此内蒙古应延伸产业链,发展创新型产业集群。     

¿Han sido el IBEX35 y el IPC definiciones financieramente eficientes del portafolio de mercado?

The present paper questions the financial efficiency of the most used market portfolio proxies in Spain and Mexico (IBEX35 and IPC) in order to determine if these can be considered a proper market portfolio proxy. The paper questions if they can be used as “neutrals”, according to Black & Litterman (1992) proposals in portfolio management. For this purpose, two discrete event simulations that use the Markowtiz-Tobin-Sharpe-Linter model (Markowitz, 1987, p.5) are performed with monthly data of the stock members of these indices in a February 2001 to December 2010 time window. The results are compared by using the Sharpe ratio (Sharpe, 1966) and show that the equilibrium assumptions in the market do not hold, leading to conclude that these market portfolio proxies are inefficient.     

基于BIM技术的建设项目管理模式选择研究

从集成化管理视角总结了BIM技术的集成应用价值。分类对比了现有各种项目管理模式的优缺点及其与BIM技术的集成程度,总结基于BIM技术的项目管理模式选择应该考虑的因素,并对现有国情下BIM项目管理模式的给出一些建议,以期为BIM项目管理模式的选择提供借鉴。     

General Patterns of Cell Phone Usage Among College Students

Abstract

There has been tremendous growth in the cellular telephone industry in recent years. The present study was undertaken in order to better understand the pattern of usage among one of the most important target markets for cell phone products—young adults attending college. Data were collected from a total of 383 cell phone consumers residing in four states in different geographic regions of the United States. Respondents ranged in age from 18-57 with a median age of 23 years. Data analyses revealed several interesting and potentially important patterns of usage. Among these were the findings that the majority of those surveyed indicated that they use their cell phones for the purpose of social stimulation, to remain continually available, for domestic reasons, to leave themselves memos and reminders, for time-keeping, for emergency purposes, and to use the phone's phonebook function.

It was also found that the cell phone market among the target population is relatively mature in that the vast majority of the sample (90.5%) indicated that they have owned a cell phone for more than one year. The maturity of the market, however, was found to vary as a function of geographic region. This particular finding has implications for regional cell phone marketing strategies. A number of other differences of potential importance for market segmentation and target marketing purposes also emerged and are discussed in detail.     

Understanding how participatory approaches foster innovation

Adapting through innovation is one way for rural communities to sustain and improve their livelihoods and environments. Since the 1980s research and development organizations have developed participatory approaches to foster rural innovation. This paper develops a model, called the Learning-to-Innovate (LTI) model, of four basic processes linked to decision making and learning which regulate rate and quality of innovation. The processes are: creating awareness of new opportunities; deciding to adopt; adapting and changing practice; and learning and selecting. The model is then used to analyse four participatory approaches and the model is evaluated through the quality of insights generated. It shows that, while outwardly very different, the four approaches are built from combinations of 11 strategies. Most of these strategies are aimed at providing information about new opportunities and deciding whether to adopt, and give less support to the other two processes, thus suggesting one way the four participatory approaches can be strengthened. Beyond analysing participatory approaches, the model could be used as a framework for diagnosing the health of local innovation systems and designing tailor-made approaches to strengthen them.     

人的全面自由发展目标实现的历史分析

人的全面自由发展是一个自然历史过程,人的发展状况归根结底是社会经济规律运动的表现。在总体框架下,社会经济历史中发生的对人的发展有各种主观选择,它们尽管不能超越历史的制约,却不一定是当时历史条件下的最佳方案。在不同的社会发展阶段,人的全面自由发展具有不同的内涵。共同富裕、共同发展目标应当作为社会主义初级阶段人的全面自由发展的历史特征。在不脱离现时代经济文化结构的前提下,注重人的发展完全可以从文明发展、劳动力生产社会化、社会保障、增强人民群众环境维护权、努力改变城乡二元经济结构等方面入手。     

Determinants of customer loyalty and purchasing behavior for full-service and limited-service hotels

This study investigated factors that influence consumer purchasing decisions for two hotel segments: full-service and limited-service. Results from an online survey indicated that full-service hotel guests were more likely to be reward program members and be emotionally attached to their preferred brand. Price was the most important factor for limited-service guests’ purchase decisions, while both price and utility were important for full-service guests. Limited-service guests had lower switching costs, that is, they required less of a discount to switch to a non-preferred brand than full-service guests. The findings have implications for hotel pricing and marketing strategies.     

烟草企业物流配送网络设计研究

近年来,我国烟草企业物流网络规模发展很快,但其快速发展的背后存在许多问题,如物流线路设计不合理,作业流程冗余,作业模式难以适应电子商务和供应链管理的需要,现代化、信息化水平严重滞后等。烟草企业建立现代物流配送网络已经迫在眉睫。文章通过对烟草企业物流配送网络特点及运作模式进行分析,提出了层次化的网络优化体系及方法论,对二级配送中心选址和线路设计等实际问题进行抽象并模型化,找到了应用启发式算法求解的方法。该模型还可推广到烟草行业以外性质相似的行业,对企业配送中心和物流中心的设施选址与配送路线设计具有一定的指导意义和较高的实用价值。     

浅析胜任力理论与中小型纺织企业高管人员的选拔与使用

胜任力理论是人力资源管理学的一个重要理论,对于现代企业的人才选拔与使用有着重要的启示。本文结合当前我国中小型纺织企业高层管理人员的现状,以胜任力理论为指导探讨了改善纺织企业管理人才状况的有效途径。